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How to read an eyeglass prescription. Reviewed by : Dr. Matthew Miller, OD on May 6th, What do all these letters and numbers mean? OD vs. Nearsighted prescriptions. Glasses Prescription. Distance OD OS. Sphere Cylinder Axis Prism Base Add. Pupilary distance PD : Hover on the prescription form to find out what all those number and abbreviations mean.
JavaScript seems to be disabled in your browser. You must have JavaScript enabled in your browser to utilize the functionality of this website. When you visit the opticians for an eye test you will receive a written copy of your prescription.
At first glance the details may seem quite confusing. You've probably asked yourself many times, what does my glasses prescription mean? But don't worry, after reading this page you'll understand what all the details mean and you'll know how to read your glasses prescription correctly. Naturally, a prescription will contain values for the correction of both of your eyes.
You should also find a row of values provided for "Distance" and for "Near". Alternatively, you may have a row for "Distance" and a space provided for a "Near Addition" or "Reading Addition". The "Distance" row contains the values required to correct your distance vision for the respective eye.
The "Near" row or "Near Addition" contains the information required to correct your near vision. In some cases the optician may write what appears to be a slash above the figure to indicate a "-" value.
You will also have a corresponding "AXIS" value see below. When no astigmatism correction is required the optician will leave the box blank. The AXIS, in degrees, is a number between 0 and It is used to correctly orientate the cylinder correction when making your glasses. On some rare occasions, you may find an AXIS value with a decimal place or fraction. Prism is used to correct eye alignment issues and can be a metric or fraction value. For example, "1. However, many opticians will simply write the value somewhere under, or next to, the distance values.
The "ADD" value applies to both eyes and can sometimes be written only once on the prescription, even though the addition is required for both eyes. There are occasions where your optician will write out your complete "Distance" prescription followed by your complete "Near" prescription. A positive sphere indicates hyperopia. People affected by farsightedness have either an eyeball that is too short, or a retina curvature of that is not pronounced enough. This prevents the image on the retina from being properly focused, causing blurred vision at close range and sometimes even blurry vision when looking at a distance.
The second column on the prescription refers to the cylinder, which indicates whether your eyes suffer from astigmatism. This condition is causes blurred vision at all distances and is caused by the deformation of the cornea. The cylinder indicates the strength of lenses you need in order to correct this condition. The third column on your prescription represents the axis, which indicates the degree of astigmatism.
The fourth column usually indicates if you have presbyopia , a natural aging-related condition that affects near vision. In some cases, an addition may be prescribed to relax the eyes while reading. The prism indicates the shift of the image necessary to correct a misalignment of the two eyes.
It compensates for the muscular imbalance between the eyes. This number is expressed in prismatic diopters and the letters indicate the orientation of the prism. Visual acuity represents the ability to clearly see an object at a distance, with or without glasses. It is indicated by the abbreviation "AV".
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