Tara Iannuccillo, a spokesperson for Roche USA, the manufacturer of the drug, said the company couldn't provide a source to give historical perspective on the marketing of its drugs during that time.
But in , after widespread reports of abuse, the federal government moved to put Valium, Librium, and some other tranquilizers under the Controlled Substances Act. By , the U. Food and Drug Administration was telling doctors that long-term use of the drugs was unwise because there were no clinical studies indicating the drugs are effective when given over a period of months.
Still, as late as , officials with Hoffman-La Roche argued that their drug Valium was safe and nonaddictive, according to news accounts at the time. Chronic use even at therapeutic doses may lead to the development of physical dependence. The prescribing of the drugs also is deeply rooted in another document, the main guide that psychiatrists and other doctors use in diagnosing mental illness -- the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.
Revisions to the manual, including an update last year, expanded that diagnosis, which, in turn, meant more people could be treated with tranquilizers, said Allen Frances, MD , the former chair of psychiatry at Duke University. Frances also chaired the panels that developed the manual. The benzodiazepine marketing campaign unfolded against a background of industry influence in medical practice and medical research. For example, a paper found significant financial ties between drug companies and panel members who produced the DSM-IV.
The manuals are put out by the American Psychiatric Association. For the paper, the researchers included any financial affiliations panel members had with the drug industry between the years of and Separately, benzodiazepines are mentioned favorably in a national practice guideline for treating panic disorder that also was issued by the American Psychiatric Association.
Five of the seven doctors on that panel, including its chairman, worked as speakers or consultants to drug companies that sold benzodiazepines in the 3 years prior to the publishing of the guideline, according to disclosure statements issued with the document.
This included work for Pfizer, whose drug Xanax XR, won FDA approval for the condition 3 years earlier, according to disclosure statements issued with the guideline. A medical detoxification can help a person safely remove a drug from their system while managing the symptoms of withdrawal. Detoxification may be required to properly treat an addiction to both benzodiazepines and opioids.
What usually happens with oxycodone, is someone starts out with an injury that requires pain relief. They take the medicine with no intention to abuse it, but overtime, with continued use, they begin to build up a tolerance and then become dependent. At this point, they might enjoy the feeling oxycodone gives them.
Many people who become dependent on opioids continue taking the drug just to avoid relapse, and might even switch to street drugs like heroin, because it can be less expensive while creating a more intense euphoria. It can be really hard to understand why prescription medicines are so dangerous, but still used. The fact is that some people suffer from serious mental disorders while others have severe pain. These types of people still need medicine to help them deal with their illnesses or conditions.
Medications that affect the brain can change the way it works—especially when they are taken over an extended period of time or with escalating doses. They can change the reward system, making it harder for a person to feel good without the drug and possibly leading to intense cravings, which make it hard to stop using.
There are other factors that can play a part in addiction as well. These may include environmental, biological, or psychological variables. More people died from prescription drug overdoses in than any other year on record, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Opioids killed more than 28, people in , and at least half of those deaths involved a prescription drug, the CDC says. Do I need it? What are the side effects? Could there be a dangerous combination? Polydrug abuse is extremely dangerous, seeing as many drugs interact with one another in a variety of adverse ways. When it comes to Percocet and Xanax, combining the two is exceptionally unsafe, and can often prove to be life-threatening.
Percocet is a potent pain medication — an opioid narcotic. Xanax is a prescription tranquilizer — a medication used to treat severe symptoms of anxiety-related disorders. Combining these two drugs leads to central nervous system depression and slowed breathing, which can ultimately lead to respiratory depression, coma, and death.
Medical professionals will never prescribe these two medications at the same time because the potentially fatal interactions are well-known. Individually, Xanax abuse and Percocet abuse are very dangerous and will require intensive professional treatment. Those who combine the two medications are at greater risk of an overdose every single time they use, and professional intervention will need to occur right away to prevent accidental death. If you or someone you love has been struggling with polydrug abuse of any kind, call Recreate Life Counseling today.
We will help get you started on your journey of addiction recovery. Percocet is a medication consisting of a combination of oxycodone, a potent opioid narcotic, and acetaminophen, an over-the-counter pain reliever.
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